Keloid Scar
A keloid scar or keloidal scar is a type of scar that is made up of collagen. In the early stages, it is composed of type 3 collagen, and later on it is replaced by type 1 collagen. Keloid scarring typically occurs in the aftermath of an injury that has broken skin. However they sometimes occur on otherwise normal, healthy skin too. Keloid scars are sometimes mixed up with hypertrophic scars – however, the latter only develop on wounds and never extend beyond the site of the wound. A keloid scar, on the other hand, can extend and change shape as well as texture. Keloid scars are also often extremely itchy, and some can be painful too. They sometimes also restrict movement, as they do not stretch as easily as healthy skin.
The reason why some people develop keloid scars is as yet unclear. Various theories have been put forth, but none have been scientifically verified as yet. We do know that women seem to develop keloid scars more frequently than men, and that dark-skinned people are also more likely to develop them. There seems to be a hereditary factor at work too – to some extent, the problem is passed down from generation to generation. There is also a higher chance of keloid scar tissue developing on certain parts of the body, namely the upper torso.
Although keloid scars are not contagious or cancerous, most people want to have them removed because of the resultant itching, pain, restricted movement, and the unpleasant appearance of the scars. Unfortunately, there is no known keloid scar treatment for removal that is completely reliable. Surgery is one option, but there is a 50% recurrence rate, which is why most people prefer to avoid surgery. However, when combined with other treatments, surgery is more successful. Some of the treatments that can be used either by themselves or in combination with surgery are compression bandages and silicon gel dressings. Another option is laser treatment, but this treatment is rather superficial and does not have a lasting effect. Radiation therapy and steroid injections are also used quite effectively, but only in certain situations. This is something your doctor can guide you on. Various natural remedies and creams are also recommended for keloid scar removal. These often make use of ingredients such as vitamin E oil, calendula, and grapefruit extract. However, most of these treatments either have only a short term effect or work merely as moisturizers and skin softeners.
